Pneumatic-motor apparatus.



J. VANDIN.

3 I i g l H 3o k O 5 24 //1 @3 7 A H393 o b Fig.4. v

15 fizue'naar. W-W

Patented 0ct.'24,1911.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JONAS VANDIN, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PNEUMATIC-MOTOR ABPAEATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1911.

Application fil ed November 29; 1907. Serial No. 404,357.

I To all it may-concern:

'Be it known that I, J QNAS VANISIN, a citizen of the United States,residing in Somertion with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, 'likeletters on the drawings representing like parts. v

This invention relates to a pneumatlp motor apparatus, applicableamong'other uses 'for operating musical instruments of the classcommonly called piano-players.

The invention has for its object to provide a compact, simple andeflicientmotor apparatus of the class described; To t-lllS end, themotor apparatus as'herein shown consists essentially of a bellows havingits air chamber normally connected withthe atmosphere and adapted to beconnected with an exhaust chamber in a casin or box provided with adiaphragm whic forms two chambers, one of which is designed to bepermanently connected with the exhaust apparatus, and the other of-whichis normally connected with the exhaust apparatus but is adapted to beconnected with the atmosphere through a provided with a diap ragmforming chambers, one of which normally communicates with both chambersof the first-mentioned casing and the other of which-is adapted to beconnected with the atmosphere. The diaphragms referred to control the.operation of valves in said casings, whereby the ad mission of air intothe second casing cuts ofi communication between the chambers of thefirst casing and connects one of said chambers with the atmosphere, sothat the diaphragm in the first casing is moved to cut off the bellowsfrom the atmosphere and to connect the said bellows with the exhaustapparatus, thereby closing the bellows and eiiecting movement of a partor device connected with it. These and'other 'features of thisinvention-will be pointed' out in the claims at the end of thisspecification.

Figure l is a sideelevation of a pneumatic motor apparatus embodyingthis invention. Fig. 2, a plan of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. lookingat the left in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4, a longitudinal section on the line44, 2.

Referring to the drawings, a represents a ort in a valve casing Fig. 3,an end elevation bellows, having the movable portion or member 6 hingedat its rear end to the upper or stationary portion, and provided at itsfront end with a device shown as a' screw- .eye 0 forattachment of thebellows with the device or part to be operated and not' herein shown.The bellows a has secured to it near its rear end a casing or box- 03,which 'will be hereinafter designated the main box or casing and whichis herein shown as set into a recess or depressed portion e of'thebellows, and is provided with a diaphragm f, which forms with the upperpart of the box or casing 03 a chamber and with the bottom of the recess6, a chamber h which may be designated the upper and lower chambers.Thebox. or casing d has secured to or forming part of its top avalvechest j, provided with a port is in its bottom leading ,to thechamber 9 and having in its top a port m, leading to the atmosphere. Thevalve chest is further provided with a duct or plpe 0, whichcommunicates with a passage p in the upper part of the bellows andleading to the chamber 5 thereof. The valve chest j contains within it avalve 6, herein shown as a disk valve, which is fast on a stem or rod 7attached at its lower end tov the diaphragm The valve 6 in the presentinstance cooperates alternately with the ports is, m. with an outletpipe 8, which in practice will be connected with'any desired-or suitableexhaust apparatus (not shown) for producing a vacuum inthe saidchamber.E

, Thediaphragm f separates the chambers ,'72., and provision is made.for connecting said chambers under normal conditions, which is efiectedas herein shown by an aux-- iliary box or casing 20, which is hereinshown as provided with a hollow upright, pipe or duct 21, fastened as bya screw 22 to the rear wall of the'main box or casing (Z, the said ductconnecting the exhaust chamber g directly with achamber 2% formed in theupper part of the boX 0r casing 20 by a diaphragm 25 within said box,saidj diaphragm also forming a-chamber 26 within the box 20, having anair inlet port 27 (see Fig. 4).

The box or casing 20 has attached to its top -a tube 30 open at itsopposite ends and forming a valve chamber, with which cotiperate twovalves 31, 32 attached to a stem or rod 35, thevalve 31 cooperating withthe upper end of the tube 30 to close it to the atmos- The chamber 9 isprovided thereby connecting the chamber 5 of-the bellows with the vacuumchamber g and The air inlet port 27 is designed'in prac tice to beconnected by a tube or pipe 38- with a tracker bar (not shown),ofa-selfplaying piano, and when so 'c'onnected,'the parts occupy theposition shownin Fig. 4, when the air inlet pipe'38 is closed, by animpert'orate portion of the music roll or sheet, but when the air inletpipe 38 is uncovered by a perforation in the'music roll or sheet, thenthe apparatus becomes effective. I

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 4, it will be seen thatthe bellows are in communication with the atmosphere through thepassages p, o, valve chest y and port m, and are cut ofi' from theexhaust or vacuum chamber 7 by the valve 6,.which closes the por andopens the port m. At the same time a vacuum is formed in the chamber 9and also in the chamber h, for it will be seen that the chamber 72. isin constant communication wit-h the valve chamber 30 through the pipe 36and that said valve ch amber is in communication with the chamber 24,the valve 32 being open and. the valve 31 being closed, and that thechamber 24. is in constant communication with the vacuum chamber 9'through the duct 21. The apparatus remains in this condition as long asthe air inlet. pipe 38 remains cl csed. When, however, the inlet pipe 38.is openedto the air, as by a perforation, in the music roll or sheetpassing over its end, then air is admitted into the chamber 26, whichacts on the diaphragm 25 and. moves the same upward, until the valve 32is closed and the valve 31 is opened The closing of the valve 32 cutsoff the chamber 71 the pipe 36 and valve chamber '30 from the vacuumchamber 9, and the opening of the valve 31 establishes communicationbetween the \chamber h and the atmosphere throughthe pipe 36 andvalvechamber- 30. Air is thus admitted into the chamber in andact ing on thediaphragm f lifts the valve 6 so' as to open the port 70 and close theport m,

cutting ofi'the chamber 5 from the atmosphere,-with the result thatthe-air is ex-..

haustedfrom the bell'ows,'which closes and eifects the workdesired,"such as operating a, hammer --or other part of the pianoorother musical instrument; As soon-(as. the.

air inlet pipe 38 is again closed, the diaphragm '25 and its attachedivalves, 32, 31 rop, thereby closinglthe valve 31 and opening thevalve;32,- with the result, that the h is again. connected with" theduct 21, whereupon. the diaphragm f drops,

and closes the port is with the valve 6, which uncovers the port m andagain connects the bellows with, the a" sphere, thereby filling thesameand moving the part b back into its normal position. It will be observedthat a vacuum existsiunder norn l conditions in' the chambers 7b, whichare separated by the diaphragm f, but are in communication through thevalve chamber 30, and that the continuance of the vacuum in the chamberh is controlled by the valves 31, which are actuated by the auxiliarydiaphragm 25, the position of which is determined by the opened orclosed condition of the airinlet 38.

The box or casing d is detachably secured to the bellows aby theclamping bars 50, 51, and screws 52, 53, and the auxiliary box or casing20 is detachably secured to the box or 'will .be noted that the chamber24.- is permanently connected-with the main exhaust or vacuum chamber 9and as a'result the diaphragm 25, is rendered Very sensitive andresponds quicklywhen the air inlet 38 is uncovered."

' I-have herein described the invention as applicable for piano-players,but I do not desire to limit the invention in this respect.

From the above description it will be seen, that the auxiliary casing 20with its "dia phragm 25, valve chamber 30, and valves 3]., 32,constitutes a primary pneumatic, which. has two independ nt outlet pipesor tubes 21, 36, and which is detachably secured to the mainwind chestor casing (Z by the screw 22; and that thechamber-hwith its diaphragmfconstitutes a secondary pneumatic, which is. controlled in itsoperation by the primary pneumatic, and that each primary pneumatic. isindividual with relation tov each bellows.

Claims:

1. In an apparatus'ofthe class described, incombination, abellowsprovided with an air chamber, a main box orcasing located aboveand attached to said bellows and provided with a diaphragm formingchambers on opposite sides of it,. a valve chest carried by ing'chambers, a tube attached to the auxil iary box and open atits oppositeends, a pipe connecting said tube with one of the chambers in the mainbox or casing, a duct connecting only the other of the chambers in themain box with a chamber in the auxiliary box or casing, a valvestemextended through said tube and actuated by the diaphragm in theauxiliary box or casing,

valves attached to said stem and alternately opening and closing theopposite ends of said tube, and an air inlet for one of the chambers inthe auxiliary box,substantially as described. v

2. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, abellows, a main box or casing located above and attached to the saidbellowsand provided with a diaphragm forming upper and lower chambers, avalve chest carried by said box or casing and provided with a portcommunicating with the atmosphere and with a port communicating with theupper chamber in said box or casing, means connecting said valve chestwith the said bellows, a valve in said chest controlling communicationbetween the bellows and the atmosphere and the upper chamber in said boxor casing, an auxiliary box or casing, one for each bellows, detachablyattached to the main box and provided with side walls, a. diaphragm insaid auxiliary box forming upper and lower chambers, a tube carried bythe auxiliary box and communicating with the atmosphere and with theupper chamber in said auxil iary box, a pipe connecting said tube withthe chamber below the diaphragm in the main box, a duct connecting theupper chambers of said boxes only, an air inlet for the lower chamber fthe auxiliary box, and valves actuated by the diaphragm in the auxiliarybox for alternately. connecting the chamber below the diaphragm in themain box with the upper chamber in said box, and wi:h as described.

'3. In an apparatus of'the character described, incombination, abellows, a main box or casing located above and attached to theatmosphere, substantially said bellows, a diaphragm. forming cham-J bersabove and below it, the upper one being an exhaust chamber, a valve'chest provided with a port communicating wlth said exhaust chamber, andwith a port communi-' cating'with the atmosphere, means connecting saidvalve chest with said bellows, a valve controlling said portsoperatively connected with said diaphragm, a tube connected with thechamber below said diaphragm and provided with ports, an auxilbox oreasing from the atmosphere and establishing communication between saidchamberand the exhaust chamber of the main box or casing, and a "ductconnecting the vacuum chamber of the auxiliary box or casing with theexhaust chamber of the main box or casing.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, abellows, a main box or casing located above said bellows and containinga diaphragm forming a chamber on one side of it that is an exhaustchamber and a second chamber on the other side of it, means forconnecting the bellows with the said box or casing, a valve connectedwith the said diaphragm and controlling communication between thebellows and the atmosphere and with the said exhaust chamber, anauxiliary box or casing, one for each bellows, detachably secured to themain box and cooperating therewith,a diaphragm in said auxiliary box orcasing forming an air chamber and an exhaust chamber, means forconnecting said exhaust chambers, a; tube communicating with theatmosphere andwith the exhaust chamber of said auxiliary box or casing,means for connectingthe said tube with the second chamber of the mainbox, and valves connected with:

the diaphragm of the auxiliary box for controlling communication betweenthe second chamber of the main box and the atmosphere and between saidsecond chamber and the said exhaust chambers, substantially asdescribed.

5. In an apparatus of the character de' scribed, in combination, abellows, a main box or casing located above and detachably secured tosaid bellows and provided with a diaphragm forming a chamber which is inthe main exhaust chamber and a second chamber, means for connecting thebellows with the said box or casing, a valve actuated by said diaphragmfor controlling connection of the bellows with said main exhaust chamberand with the atmosphere, an aux: iliary box or casing, one for eachbellows, having top, bottom and side walls, and detachably secured tothe main boxor casing, a diaphragm in said auxiliary boxor casingforming chambers, one an auxiliary air chamber and the other anauxiliary'exhaust iat- - chamber, means for connecting said exhaustchambers individually, a tube capable of communicating with the secondchamber of the main box or casing, the atmosphere and with the auxiliaryexhaust chamber, and valves op rated by the auxiliary diaphragm foraltel n iitely connecting the second chamber with the said exhaustchambers and with the atn'iosphere, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, abellows, a main casing detachably secured to the top of said bellows andprovided with an exhaust chamber, a valve controlling communicationbetween said bellows and said exhaust chamber, a diaphragm operativelyconnected with said valve and forming above-it a chamber which is saidexhaust chamber and below it a secondchamber, means for normallyconnecting said second chamber with said exhaust chamber, a valvecontrolling said connecting means, a diaphragm connected to said secondvalve, a casing for each bellows'in which said second-diaphragm islocated and detachably secured to said main casing, an air chamber,formed by said second diaphragm within said second casing, and an airinlet for said air chamber, substantially as described. 7. In anapparatus of the character described, in combination, a bellows havingits upper portion stationary and provided with a recess at itsnrear end,a main box or casing detachably secured to said bellows over saidrecessed portion, a diaphragm interposed between said main box or casingand said bellows and forming one chamber above it which is an exhaustchamber and a second chamber below it, a valve casing located on saidmain box or casing and com- 'municating with the bellows, the exhaustchamber andthe atmosphere, a valve in said valve casing provided with astem actuated by said diaphragm, an auxiliary box or casing for eachbellows detachably secured to the main box or. casing, a tube in saidauxiliary box open at its upper end to the atmosphere and at its lowerend to the auxiliary box, valves. for controlling the ends of said tube,a diaphragm in said auxiliary box forming a chamber above it which is anexhaust chamber and an air chamber below it v and actuating the valvesfor said tube, a duct connecting said tube with the chamber in the mainbox or casing below the diaphragm thereof, a duct connecting the exhaustchamber of the auxiliary box with the exhaust chamber of the main box,and an air inlet .for the air chamber of the auxiliary box,

substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of the character-described, in combination, abellows, a box or casing detachably secured to the top of said bellowsnear its rear end, a valve chestat tached to the top of said box orcasing, means chest with said bellows, a diaphragm in said box or casingforming chambers above and below it, said chamber above the diaphragmhaving anair outlet, a valve in said valve chest, a stem to connect thesaid valve with the said diaphragm, an auxiliary box or casingindividual to each bellows, means to detachably secure the auxiliary boxor casing to the box or casing attached to the bellows, a diaphragm insaid auxiliary box or casing forming chambers above and below it, a tubeextended through the top of the auxiliary box or casing and open at itsopposite ends, valves cooperating with the open ends of said tube andactuated in one box or casing, a pipe connecting the said tube wi-th'thechamber below the diaphragm in the box or casing attached to thebellows, a. duct connecting the chamber in the auxiliary box or casingabove the diaphragm with the [chamber above the diaphragm in the box orcasing attached to the bellows, and an air inlet pipe connected with thechamber below the diaphragm in the auxili'arybox or casing.

' 9. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a bellowscarrying a chamber, ajmain wind chest located above said bellows, adiaphragm interposedbetween the said wind chest and said chamber andcoeperating with. the chamber to form a secondary pneumatic below thewind chest,

a valve actuated by said diaphragm for controlling the admission ofair'into saidbellows, and a primary pneumatic .individual to eachbellows and detachably secured to the main wind chest as a unitarystructure and communicating with the main wind -chest and with saidsecondary pneumatic, substantially as described.

10. In an apparatus of the class described, a bellows, a main windchest, a secondary pneumatic, a valve actuated by said secondarypneumatic for controlling the admission of air into said bellows, and aprimary pneumatic individual to said bellows and communicating with boththe,

main wind chest and wit-h said secondary pneumatic and detachabletherefrom, as a.

unitary structure capable of being tested independently of the secondarypneumatic and main wind chest, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, abellows, a main wind chest located above and supported by said bellows,a diaphragm interposed be tween said bellows and said main wind chest toform chamber below it, a valve actuated by said diaphragm andcontrolling communication between the bellows and the main wind chest,and an independent pri mary structure detachablyv secured to the mainwind chest and communicating with the latter and with said chamber, adiaphragm in said primary structure, and a valve actuated by the latterdiaphragm and controlling the admission of air into saidchamber,substantially as described.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, a primary pneumaticcomprisinga casing containing a diaphragm to form chambers above andbelow it, an air inlet tube supported by said casing and communicatingwith the atmosphere and withthe chamber above said diaphragm, a tubeleading from the chamber above the diaphragm.

tube leading from the chamber with which said air inlet tubecommunicates, a second tube leading from said alr inlet tube, meansactuated by said diaphragm and cooperating with said air inlet tube tocontrol communication of said second-mentioned tube with the atmosphereand with the chamber from which the first-mentioned. tube leads, and

an air inlet for'thechamber on the opposite side of said. diaphragm,

14. In anapparatuso'f the class described,

chest, a=diaphragm interposed between the said main wind chest andchamber and cooperating with-the latter to :form a seca bellowscarryinga chamber, a mainiwind ondary pneumatic, a valve actuated bysaid secondary. pneumatic .for controlling the admission of air intosaid bellows, and a primary pneumatic individual to said belloWsandcommunicating with both the. main wind chest and with said secondarypneumatic and detachable therefrom as. a unitary structure,substantially as described.

; 15.;In an apparatus of the class described,

in combination, a bellows carrying a chamber, a main wind chest, adiaphragm tooperating with the chamber to form a secondary pneumatic, avalve actuatedby said diaphragm for controlling the admission of airinto said bellows, and a primary pneumatic individual to each bellowsand com-' munioating with the main wind chest and with said secondarypneumatic and detachable therefrom as a unitary structure, substantiallyas described. 1

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

- JONAS VANDIN.

VVit-nesses Las. H.. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

